Visual Studio 2013 Lesson 16: Sub Procedures

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In Visual Studio 2013 , sub procedure is a procedure that performs a specific task and to return values, but it does not return a value associated with its name. However, it can return a value through a variable name. Sub procedures are usually used to accept input from the user, display information, print information, manipulate properties or perform some other tasks. It is a program code by itself and it is not an event procedure because it is not associated with a runtime procedure or a control such as button. It is called by the main program whenever it is required to perform a certain task.

Sub procedures help to make programs smaller and easier to manage. A sub procedure begins with a Sub keyword and ends with an End Sub keyword. The program structure of a sub procedure is as follows:

Sub ProcedureName (arguments)

Statements

End Sub

Example 16.1

In this example, we create a sub procedure sum to sum up two values that are specified as the arguments. The main program can reference a procedure by using its name together with the arguments in the parentheses.

Private Sub Form1_Load(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles MyBase.Load
sum(5, 6) End Sub Sub sum(a As Single, b As Single) MsgBox(“sum=”& a + b)
End Sub

Running the program produces a message box

Figure 16.1

Example 16.2: Password Cracker

This is a passwords cracking program where it can generate possible passwords and compare each of them with the actual password; and if the generated password found to be equal to the actual password, login will be successful. In this program, a timer is inserted into the form and it is used to do a repetitive job of generating the passwords.

We create a passwords generating procedure generate () and it is called by the e Timer1_Tick() event so that the procedure is repeated after every interval. The interval of the timer can be set in its properties window where a value of 1 is 1 millisecond, so a value of 1000 is 1 second; the smaller the value, the shorter the interval. However, do not set the timer to zero because if you do that, the timer will not start. We shall set the Timer’s interval at 100 which is equivalent to 0.1 second. The Timer1.Enabled property is set to false so that the program will only start generating the passwords after you click on the Generate button. Rnd is a VB function that generates a random number between 0 and 1. Multiplying Rnd by 100 will obtain a number between 0 and 100. Int is a Visual Studio 2013 function that returns an integer by ignoring the decimal part of that number.

Therefore, Int(Rnd*100) will produce a number between 0 and 99, and the value of Int(Rnd*100)+100 will produce a number between 100 and 199.Finally, the program uses If…Then…Else to check whether the generated password is equal the actual password or not; and if they are equal, the passwords generating process will be terminated by setting the Timer1.Enabled property to false.

The Code

Public Class Form1

Dim password As Integer Dim crackpass As Integer

Private Sub Button1_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles Button1.Click

Timer1.Enabled = True

End Sub

Private Sub Timer1_Tick(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles Timer1.Tick

generate()

If crackpass = password Then

Timer1.Enabled = False

Label1.Text = crackpass

MsgBox(“Password Cracked!Login Successful!”)

Else Label1.Text = crackpass

Label2.Text = “Please wait…”

End If

End Sub

Sub generate()

crackpass = Int(Rnd() * 100) + 100

End Sub

Private Sub Form1_Load(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles MyBase.Load

password = 123

End Sub

End Class

The output

Figure 16.2: Password Generating Phase

Figure 16.3: Message Showing Successful Login